Definition and Scope

Pathology is divided into two main branches:

1. General Pathology: Covers basic mechanisms of disease like inflammation, cell injury, and repair.
2. Systemic Pathology: Focuses on diseases affecting specific organ systems.

Key Concepts

1. Etiology: Causes of disease, such as genetic, infectious, or environmental factors.
2. Pathogenesis: Sequence of events from the initial cause to the manifestation of the disease.
3. Morphological Changes: Structural alterations in cells/tissues, observed under microscopes or through imaging.
4. Clinical Manifestations: Symptoms and signs resulting from disease 

Basic Process Covered:

1. Cell adaptation, injury, and death.
2. Inflammation and repair.
3. Neoplasia (tumors).
4. Hemodynamic disorders (e.g., thrombosis, embolism).
5. Genetic and environmental factors influencing diseases.